# Eulerian graph ¶

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A graph is Eulerian if all vertex's degrees are even, and it has a cycle/circuit traversing each edge once (=Eulerian cycle/circuit).

A graph is semi-Eulerian if

• exactly 2 degrees are odd
• it has an Eulerian chain/path traversing each edge once

Legends are saying that we are adding "semi-" before Eulerian because adding one vertex will make the graph Eulerian.

## Algorithm ¶

Remember: a bridge (=isthme) is an edge that once removed will disconnect the graph. You got one in semi-eulerian graphs.

• let $S$ be the list of traversed edges
• randomly pick a vertex (unless you got a bridge, as you must start at one of the bridge extremities)
• while all the edges are not in $S$
• we are looking at our current vertex incident edges
• if all of them are in $S$ then "fail"
• else if we have exactly one edge that isn't in $S$, then we traverse it
• else we randomly traverse one of the edges that are nor bridge, nor in $S$

Traversing means adding it to $S$ and changing our current vertex.

## Example ¶

All degrees aside from $d(5)$ and $d(7)$ are even, so we may have a semi-Eulerian graph. We can only start at 5 or 7 because we got a bridge here, let's start at 7 and look for an Eulerian chain.

• go to 7
• we can traverse (7,0), (7,1), or (7,5: bridge): (7,0)
• go to 0
• no choice, go to 1: (0,1)
• no choice, go to 7: (1,7)
• no choice, we are destroying the bridge, go to 5: (7,5)
• we can traverse (5,6) or (5,2) : (5,2)
• go to 2
• no choice, go to 6: (2,6)
• no choice, go to 5: (6,5)

So we got the Eulerian chain/walk $7-0-1-7-5-2-6-5$ or $(7,0)-(0,1)-(1,7)-(7,5)-(5,2)-(2,6)-(6,5)$.